Immunopathogenesis and Therapies of Granulomatous Diseases

Dear Colleagues,

Granulomatous diseases affect various organs in the body, leading to a wide range of symptoms and complications. A few well-known granulomatous diseases include tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, chronic beryllium disease (CBD), and Crohn’s disease.

These diseases are characterized by the formation of granulomas, which are aggregates of immune cells, particularly macrophages, that form in response to persistent immune stimulation. The immunopathogenesis of granulomatous diseases involves coordinated action of innate, adaptive, and structural cells. However, how the interaction between these immune cells leads to the formation of granulomatous structures is poorly understood. Besides the immune cells, multiple factors involving genetics and environmental exposures are also critical elements involved in granuloma formation.

In this series, we would like to collect the articles that will describe

1) how antigen persistence or hyperreactivity involves continuous activation of immune cells as the immune system is unable to eliminate them. Information about the source of antigen or stimulus involved in granulomatous inflammation is important,
2) how innate molecules and innate immune cells (mononuclear phagocytes) contribute to the pathogenesis of granulomatous diseases,
3) the role of adaptive immune cells in perpetuating granulomatous diseases,
4) the role of genetic predisposition and gender in granulomatous diseases.

The other part of this collection will focus on the therapeutic approaches employed so far to treat or modulate the granulomatous disease. Therapeutic strategies for granulomatous diseases aim to suppress inflammation, modulate immune responses, and target the underlying cause of the disease. Treatment may vary depending on the specific disease and its severity. Some common therapeutic approaches include Anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressive drugs, antimicrobial therapy, and supportive therapy.

Dr. Shaikh Muhammad Atif
Guest Editor

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• Granulomatous diseases
• tuberculosis
• sarcoidosis
• chronic beryllium disease (CBD)
• Crohn's disease
• immune cells
• genetics
• environmental exposures；therapeutic approaches