Novel Synthetic Methods of Organic Chemical Synthesis Technology

Dear Colleagues,

Xanthates are used in over 90% of the world’s plants for the flotation concentration of Pb-Zn ores, 85% of flotation plants that process Cu-Zn ore and over 70% for the flotation concentration of Au-Ag ores. In flotation processes, depending on the composition of the ore, different flotation reagents are used; xanthates (xanthogenates), and the increase in selectivity of separation, are achieved with thioncarbamate flotation reagents, as well as alkyl xanthogenates of alkyl xanthogenic acids. Thioncarbamates, due to their pronounced selectivity, are most often used for the flotation of ores that, in addition to the main mineral, contain significant amounts of incorporated precious metals. Lately, researchers in this area have been paying particular attention to research on new methods of synthesis of alkaline alkyl xanthogens and alkyl thionecarbamates, and the effectiveness of their application in the flotation process. A very important criterion for choosing a production process is the one that concerns environmental protection. Additionally, research in this area is focused on examining the efficiency and selectivity of the xanthate collector (flotation agent) by improving the collector structure, composition, ease of use, stability and recyclability/biorenewability through proper design. In order to reduce the toxicity of the flotation process and improve sustainability by reducing environmental impact, research is directed towards finding collector efficiency and selectivity in the flotation process in relation to the possible synergism of xanthate in combination with biodegradable green reagents. Optimization of the composition of biodegradable green reagents in the collector should demonstrate the possibility of replacing commercial xanthate collectors without reducing their efficiency/selectivity. Greener flotation reagents can improve the overall financial aspect together with the circular economy postulate.

This Special Issue titled "New Synthetic Methods of Organic Chemical Synthesis Technology" will curate new advances in the research of optimized procedures for the synthesis of xanthogenates, thiocarbamates, xanthogen disulfides and tetraalkyl/aryl thiuram disulfides by innovative methods using specific reaction media and catalysts in order to simplify the synthesis reactions, whose reproductive results could be implemented in industrial production conditions. Research can be focused on examining the effects of applying products obtained via innovative procedures with possible synergism of certain compounds in order to improve efficiency results. Additionally, the field of xanthogens as precursors in organic synthesis chemistry and technology provides enormous opportunities for obtaining new products that find application in a very large number of branches of economy and medicine. The possibilities of applying zeolite, clay and heteropoly acid catalysts as materials with exceptional catalytic properties will enable the development of new synthetic methods in industrial organic synthesis.

Topics include, but are not limited to:

• Development of simple procedures for the synthesis of thiurammonosulfide and disulfide;
• Characterization of the effects of the application of the obtained thiurammonosulfides and disulfides in rubber vulcanization processes or agriculture;
• Optimization of the synthesis procedures of dixanthogens and xanthogens and examination of the possibility of application in synergy with nanomaterials;
• Simple methods for the synthesis of thiocarbamates with the selection of reaction media and catalysts with the definition of process parameters;
• Defining the reaction parameters of intramolecular thiocarbamate isomerism in order to define the synthesis of pesticides starting from xanthogen precursors;
• New technologies for the use of xanthates, thiocarbamates, thiuram monosulfide, thiuram disulfide, dixanthogens and dixanthogen derivatives of carboxylic acids;

Thank you, and I hope you will consider participating in this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Milutin Milosavljević
Dr. Milica Rančić
Guest Editors

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• process optimization
• organic synthesis
• reaction kinetics
• industrial organic synthesis
• waste treatment