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Antibiotics
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Plants, Lichens, Fungi, and Algae Extracts and Derivatives with Antimicrobial...
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Plants, Lichens, Fungi, and Algae Extracts and Derivatives with Antimicrobial Properties for Nutrition and Health

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant-Derived Antibiotics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2024 | Viewed by 2222

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Violeta Popovici

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Agro-Forestry and Biodiversity Laboratory, Natural Parks and Protected Areas, “Costin C. Kiriţescu” National Institute of Economic Research—Center for Mountain Economics (INCE-CEMONT) of Romanian Academy, 725700 Vatra Dornei, Romania
Interests: plant/lichen secondary metabolites-identification and pharmacological potential; antibiotics; antimicrobial activity; in vitro anticancer activity; oral cancer; ROS; oxidative stress; antioxidants/pro-oxidants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Emma Adriana Ozon

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: drug design; development, optimization, and manufacturing of pharmaceutical products; pre- and post-compression parameters for solid dosage forms; preformulating studies on pharmaceuticals; physico-chemical characterization of materials; cyclodextrin inclusion complexes; drug delivery systems; pharmaceutical processes; drug release profiles; quality of pharmaceutical forms
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Andreea Letitia Arsene

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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: prebiotics; probiotics; microbiota; microbiology control; infectious contaminants; food safety
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Verginica Schroder

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ovidius University of Constanta, 6 Capitan Al. Serbanescu Street, 900001 Constanta, Romania
Interests: plant extracts cytotoxicity; biotic and abiotic stress interactions in bio-deterioration; antimicrobial activity of natural products; biofilms in healthcare settings

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There is an increasing interest in food and natural pharmaceutical products that are healthy and safe for humans. Therefore, plants, lichens, fungi and algae attract substantial attention due to their valuable constituents and health benefits, preventing and treating various infectious diseases and improving consumer well-being. The variety of biologically active metabolites with antimicrobial activity indicates their possible suitability as food sources and pharmaceutical formulations.

This Special Issue is focused on, but not limited to:

  • The antimicrobial properties of plants, lichens, fungi and algae used in traditional medicine, and current trends in biotechnology and pharmaceutical products for human and veterinary medicine;
  • Novel plant-derived products with antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiprotozoal and antihelminthic properties;
  • The relationship between antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of various plant secondary metabolites;
  • The valorization of plant by-products for antimicrobial phytoconstituents extraction;
  • Essential oils and other plant-derived product applications in food packaging to prevent microbial contamination;
  • The impact of plant, lichens, fungal and algal phytochemicals on the gut and oral cavity microbiota for a balanced life;
  • The most recent findings related to plant, lichens, fungi and algae ingredients as functional foods, helpful for infectious disease prophylaxis and complementary therapy;
  • Case studies regarding the influence of plant-based medical nutrition intervention to prevent and treat various infectious diseases.

We are looking forward to receiving your valuable contribution.

Dr. Violeta Popovici
Dr. Emma Adriana Ozon
Prof. Dr. Andreea Letitia Arsene
Dr. Verginica Schroder
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity
  • plants/lichens/fungi/algae extracts and derived products with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoal and antihelmintic properties
  • antimicrobial metabolites: quantification and characterization
  • pharmaceutical formulation
  • in vivo and in vitro testing
  • essential oils with antimicrobial properties for the pharmaceutical and food industry
  • functional foods, plant-based diet
  • case studies
  • prevention and treatment of infectious diseases with plant-derived products

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 1078 KiB  
Article
Spent Material Extractives from Hemp Hydrodistillation as an Underexplored Source of Antimicrobial Cannabinoids
by Simon Vlad Luca, Krzysztof Wojtanowski, Izabela Korona-Głowniak, Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak, Mirjana Minceva and Adriana Trifan
Antibiotics 2024, 13(6), 485; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13060485 - 24 May 2024
Viewed by 280
Abstract
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has been used for millennia as a rich source of food and fibers, whereas hemp flowers have only recently gained an increased market interest due to the presence of cannabinoids and volatile terpenes. Currently, the hemp flower processing [...] Read more.
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has been used for millennia as a rich source of food and fibers, whereas hemp flowers have only recently gained an increased market interest due to the presence of cannabinoids and volatile terpenes. Currently, the hemp flower processing industry predominantly focuses on either cannabinoid or terpene extraction. In an attempt to maximize the valorization of hemp flowers, the current study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial properties of several extracts obtained from post-distillation by-products (e.g., spent material, residual distillation water) in comparison to the essential oil and total extract obtained from unprocessed hemp flowers. A terpene analysis of the essential oil revealed 14 monoterpenes and 35 sesquiterpenes. The cannabinoid profiling of extracts showed seven acidic precursors and 14 neutral derivatives, with cannabidiol (CBD) reaching the highest concentration (up to 16 wt.%) in the spent material extract. The antimicrobial assessment of hemp EO, cannabinoid-containing extracts, and single compounds (i.e., CBD, cannabigerol, cannabinol, and cannabichromene) against a panel of 20 microbial strains demonstrated significant inhibitory activities against Gram-positive bacteria, Helicobacter pylori, and Trichophyton species. In conclusion, this work suggests promising opportunities to use cannabinoid-rich materials from hemp flower processing in functional foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals with antimicrobial properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plants, Lichens, Fungi, and Algae Extracts and Derivatives with Antimicrobial Properties for Nutrition and Health)
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27 pages, 1447 KiB  
Article
Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Commercially Available Essential Oils Combinations with Conventional Antibiotics against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria
by Răzvan Neagu, Violeta Popovici, Lucia-Elena Ionescu, Viorel Ordeanu, Andrei Biță, Diana Mihaela Popescu, Emma Adriana Ozon and Cerasela Elena Gîrd
Antibiotics 2024, 13(6), 478; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13060478 - 23 May 2024
Viewed by 377
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of five commercially available essential oils (EOs), Lavender (LEO), Clove (CEO), Oregano (OEO), Eucalyptus (EEO), and Peppermint (PEO), against the most-known MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria—Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), [...] Read more.
The present study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of five commercially available essential oils (EOs), Lavender (LEO), Clove (CEO), Oregano (OEO), Eucalyptus (EEO), and Peppermint (PEO), against the most-known MDR Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria—Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853)—alone and in various combinations. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis established their complex compositions. Then, their antibacterial activity—expressed as the inhibition zone diameter (IZD) value (mm)—was investigated in vitro by the diffusimetric antibiogram method, using sterile cellulose discs with Ø 6 mm impregnated with 10 µL of sample and sterile borosilicate glass cylinders loaded with 100 µL; the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value (µg/mL) for each EO was calculated from the IZD values (mm) measured after 24 h. The following EO combinations were evaluated: OEO+CEO, CEO+EEO, CEO+PEO, LEO+EEO, and EEO+PEO. Then, the influence of each dual combination on the activity of three conventional antibacterial drugs—Neomycin (NEO), Tetracycline (TET), and Bacitracin (BAC)—was investigated. The most active EOs against S. aureus and E. coli were LEO and OEO (IZD = 40 mm). They were followed by CEO and EEO (IZD = 20–27 mm); PEO exhibited the lowest antibacterial activity (IZD = 15–20 mm). EEO alone showed the highest inhibitory activity on P. aeruginosa (IZD = 25–35 mm). It was followed by CEO, LEO, and EEO (IZD = 7–11 mm), while PEO proved no antibacterial action against it (IZD = 0 mm). Only one synergic action was recorded (OEO+CEO against P. aeruginosa); EEO+PEO revealed partial synergism against S. aureus and CEO+PEO showed additive behavior against E. coli. Two triple associations with TET showed partial synergism against E. coli, and the other two (with NEO and TET) evidenced the same behavior against S. aureus; all contained EEO+PEO or CEO+PEO. Most combinations reported indifference. However, numerous cases involved antagonism between the constituents included in the double and triple combinations, and the EOs with the strongest antibacterial activities belonged to the highest antagonistic combinations. A consistent statistical analysis supported our results, showing that the EOs with moderate antibacterial activities could generate combinations with higher inhibitory effects based on synergistic or additive interactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plants, Lichens, Fungi, and Algae Extracts and Derivatives with Antimicrobial Properties for Nutrition and Health)
14 pages, 2055 KiB  
Article
Efficacy and Synergistic Potential of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) and Clove (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr. & Perry) Essential Oils to Control Food-Borne Pathogens in Fresh-Cut Fruits
by Ramona Iseppi, Eleonora Truzzi, Carla Sabia and Patrizia Messi
Antibiotics 2024, 13(4), 319; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13040319 - 31 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 862
Abstract
The presence of microbial pathogens in ready-to-eat produce represents a serious health problem. The antibacterial activity of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr. & Perry) essential oils (EOs) was determined toward food-borne pathogens by agar disk diffusion [...] Read more.
The presence of microbial pathogens in ready-to-eat produce represents a serious health problem. The antibacterial activity of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr. & Perry) essential oils (EOs) was determined toward food-borne pathogens by agar disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays. The growth kinetics of all strains, both in a buffer suspension assay and “on food” in artificially contaminated samples, were also investigated. The two EOs demonstrated a good antibacterial effect both alone and in combination (EO/EO). The use of EO/EO led to a synergistic antibacterial effect, also confirmed by the growth kinetics studies, where the EOs were active after 10 h of incubation (p < 0.0001) at significantly lower concentrations than those when alone. In the “on food” studies performed on artificially contaminated fruit samples stored at 4 °C for 8 days, the greatest killing activity was observed at the end of the trial (8 days) with a reduction of up to 7 log CFU/g compared to the control. These results confirm the good antibacterial activity of the EOs, which were more effective when used in combination. Data from the "on food" studies suggest cinnamon and clove essential oils, traditionally used in the food industry, as a possible natural alternative to chemical additives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plants, Lichens, Fungi, and Algae Extracts and Derivatives with Antimicrobial Properties for Nutrition and Health)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Spent Material Extractives from Hemp Hydrodistillation as an Underexplored Source of Antimicrobial Cannabinoids
Authors: Simon Vlad Luca; Krzysztof Wojtanowski; Izabela Korona-Głowniak; Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak; Mirjana Minceva; Adriana Trifan
Affiliation: Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Abstract: Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has been used for millennia as a rich source of foods and fibers, whereas hemp flowers have only recently gained an increased market interest due to the presence of can-nabinoids and volatile terpenes. Currently, the hemp flower processing industry predominantly focuses on either cannabinoid or terpene extraction. In an attempt to maximize the valorization of hemp flowers, the current study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and antimicro-bial properties of several extracts obtained from post-distillation by-products (e.g., spent material, residual distillation water) in comparison to the essential oil and total extract obtained from un-processed hemp flowers. Terpene analysis of the essential oil revealed 14 monoterpenes and 35 sesquiterpenes. The cannabinoid profiling of extracts showed seven acidic precursors and 14 neutral derivatives, with cannabidiol (CBD) reaching the highest concentration (up to 16 wt.%) in the spent material extract. The antimicrobial assessment of hemp EO, cannabinoid-containing extracts, and single compounds (i.e., CBD, cannabigerol, cannabinol, and cannabichromene) against a panel of 20 microbial strains demonstrated significant inhibitory activities against Gram-positive bacteria, Helicobacter pylori, and Trichophyton species. Altogether, this work can open promising avenues for utilizing cannabinoid-rich materials obtained during hemp flower processing in functional foods or cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical products with antimicrobial properties.

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