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Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry

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A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Dentistry, Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2024 | Viewed by 8064

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jacek Matys

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Guest Editor

Oral Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
Interests: medical and dental lasers; laser surface processing; laser decontamination; laser ablation; laser in bone surgery; photobiomodulation
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Dr. Kinga Grzech-Lesniak

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Guest Editor

1. Oral Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
2. Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
Interests: dental lasers; decontamination; laser surface cleaning; dentistry; periodontics; prosthodontics; implantology; photobiomodulation; bone surgery; bone regenerations; periodontal therapy
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Prof. Dr. Tomasz Gedrange

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Guest Editor

Department of Orhodontics Technical University Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany Department of Oral Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
Interests: transbond XT; orthodontic brackets; in vitro and in vivo studies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are delighted to be able to invite you to submit a manuscript to the forthcoming Special Issue, “Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry”, for the Journal of Clinical Medicine (IF: 4.964).

This Special Issue addresses a broad spectrum of topics related to the application of modern devices and materials in medicine and dentistry across various levels of research, from pre-clinical to clinical studies.

The Special Issue aims to publish studies at a pre-clinical to clinical level that consider how to apply novel advanced devices, e.g., lasers, piezosurgery, CAD/CAM technology, and CBCT, in order to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases and other disorders of the oral cavity. Papers that describe the application of methods and therapies, such as novel treating methods, laser technology, or tissue-guided regeneration, are particularly welcome. This Special Issue will accept the most advanced pre-clinical to clinical research and advancements in regenerative materials for oral and maxillofacial surgery, periodontology, and implantology. Finally, studies that facilitate an enhanced understanding of how we can apply modern technologies in order to decrease bacterial, viral, and fungal contamination in a dental office will be considered for publication in the SI.

Dr. Jacek Matys
Dr. Kinga Grzech-Lesniak
Prof. Dr. Tomasz Gedrange
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

oral medicine
tissue regeneration
lasers
photobiomodulation
periodontology
dentistry
biological safety

Published Papers (8 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 4474 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Novel Parameter in Pre-Surgical Orthodontic Preparation: A Retrospective Study on the Role of the Upper Incisor Position and a Morphological Evaluation of the Anterior Nasal Spine

by Ornella Rossi, Giovanna Perrotti, Massimo Del Fabbro and Tiziano Testori

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(8), 2346; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13082346 - 18 Apr 2024

Viewed by 380

Abstract

The position and inclination of the incisors play a crucial role in achieving optimal outcomes in orthodontic and orthognathic surgical treatment, given their impact on facial aesthetics. Background/objectives: Due to numerous distorting factors that affect the reliability of the ANB angle, the aim of the present work is to evaluate a more constant parameter over time, the anterior nasal spine (ANS), and explore whether aligning the incisal margin of the upper incisors with the anterior nasal spine could be a reliable indicator for achieving appropriate labial support in pre-surgical orthodontic preparation. Methods: From a pool of 500 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, 50 CBCT examinations displaying a Class 1 skeletal pattern (ANB = 2° ± 2°) with an intermediate (3.2–4 mm) or mixed (4–6 mm) sagittal maxillary position (MX), as determined by the 3D multiplanar total face approach (TFA), were selected and compared with CBCT examinations randomly chosen from the initial pool. Moreover, 12 landmarks were identified, and measurements were automatically obtained, using software, and recorded. Mean and standard deviation values were calculated for each sample. A comparison was made between the two samples, aligning the results with the morphological analysis of the anterior nasal spine and the sagittal position of the upper maxilla. Results: In Class 1 subjects, the distance between the incisal margin and the plane passed in relation to the anterior nasal spine should range between −1 mm and 1 mm, aligned with or slightly ahead of the anterior nasal spine or slightly ahead of this limit. Conclusions: The anterior nasal spine can serve as a reliable reference point for planning the position of the upper incisors, with excessive proclination or retroclination from this reference point deemed unacceptable. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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17 pages, 2106 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Management of Advanced Peri-Implantitis by Guided Bone Regeneration in Combination with Trabecular Metal Fixtures, Two Months after Removal of the Failed Implants: Two-Year Results of a Single-Cohort Clinical Study

by Stefano Bianconi, Georgios Romanos, Tiziano Testori and Massimo Del Fabbro

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(3), 713; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13030713 - 25 Jan 2024

Viewed by 775

Abstract

Background: Implant replacement is among the treatment options for severe peri-implantitis. The aim of this single-cohort study was to evaluate the feasibility of replacing compromised implants affected by advanced peri-implantitis with new implants with a porous trabecular metal (TM) structure. Materials and Methods: Patients with one or more implants in the posterior region showing a defect depth >50% of implant length, measured from the residual crest, were consecutively included. Two months after implant removal, patients received a TM implant combined with a xenograft and a resorbable membrane. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured at placement and re-assessed five months later (at uncovering), then after 6, 12, and 24 months of function. Marginal bone loss was radiographically evaluated. Results: Twenty consecutive cases were included. One patient dropped out due to COVID-19 infection, and nineteen cases were evaluated up to 24 months. At placement, the mean ISQ was 53.08 ± 13.65 (standard deviation), which increased significantly to 69.74 ± 9.01 after five months of healing (p < 0.001) and to 78.00 ± 7.29 after six months of loading (p < 0.001). Thereafter, the ISQ remained stable for up to 24 months (80.55 ± 4.73). All implants successfully osseointegrated and were restored as planned. After two years, the average marginal bone level change was −0.41 ± 0.38 mm (95% confidence interval −0.60, −0.21), which was limited yet significantly different from the baseline (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The treatment of advanced peri-implant defects using TM implants inserted two months after explantation in combination with guided bone regeneration may achieve successful outcomes up to two years follow-up, even in the presence of low primary stability. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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25 pages, 8225 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Feasibility and Safety of Adopting a New Approach in Delivering a 450 nm Blue Laser with a Flattop Beam Profile in Vital Tooth Whitening. A Clinical Case Series with an 8-Month Follow-Up

by Reem Hanna, Ioana Cristina Miron and Stefano Benedicenti

J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(2), 491; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13020491 - 16 Jan 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1115

Abstract

A prospective observational case series included six patients who presented with discoloured upper and lower teeth extending from the right second premolar to the left second premolar. The photoactivation dosimetry and treatment protocol were as follows: λ 450 nm, 1 W, CW; flattop beam profile; 1 cm²; 15 J/spot; 10 irradiated spots; an irradiation time of 15 s/spot; three whitening cycles in a single session. Blanc One ULTRA⁺ was the bleaching agent. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was utilised to evaluate the pain intensity and dental hypersensitivity during treatment immediately after complete treatment (T1), 24 h (T2), and 8 h (T3) postoperatively, and at an 8-month follow-up timepoint (T4), whereas the dental colour shade change was assessed using the VITA colour shade guide pre-treatment (T0), T1, and T4. The Gingival index and modified Wong Baker faces scale were utilised to evaluate gingival inflammation and patients’ treatment satisfaction, respectively. Our findings revealed a reduction in the dental colour shade of the six cases between 2 and 10- fold (average of 3.5-fold) at T1 and maintained at T4, indicating significant improvement in the colour shade change with optimal outcomes. The percentage of this improvement for all the patients was ranged between 16.6% and 33.3%. At all timepoints, a “0” score was provided for pain intensity, dental hypersensitivity, and gingival inflammation. Our study demonstrates the feasibility and safety of a λ 450 nm laser delivered with a flattop handpiece to achieve optimal whitening outcomes without adverse effects. This offers a useful guide for dental clinicians for vital in-office tooth whitening. Extensive clinical studies with large data are warranted to validate our study protocol. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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11 pages, 1800 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂) Fumigation on Bacterial Levels in Dental Office Environments: A Randomized Clinical Trial Investigation

by Jacek Matys, Tomasz Gedrange, Marzena Dominiak and Kinga Grzech-Leśniak

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(24), 7551; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12247551 - 7 Dec 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1053

Abstract

Background: Fumigation with hydrogen peroxide has proven to be a highly effective approach to maintaining biological safety within dental offices. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) fumigation in reducing bacterial levels in dental office environments. Methods: The study involved 30 participants diagnosed with moderate caries decay (ICDAS 3 and 4) in their mandibular molars. Sixty Petri dishes (two per patient) with Columbia Agar and 5% Sheep Blood were opened at the beginning of the caries treatment. After the completion of caries treatment and tooth restoration, 30 plates (G1 group) were closed. Following this, a 20 min fumigation procedure with 6% hydrogen peroxide biosanitizer using a compressed air device was conducted. After the fumigation, the remaining plates were closed (G2 group). The total number of bacteria CFUs (colony-forming units) in the dental office air was determined using the Koch sedimentation method. Results: The total bacterial colony (TBC) level, measured in cfu/m³, demonstrated a significant decrease in the number of bacteria following room environment fumigation (163.1 ± 145.7; G2 group) compared to non-fumigated samples (817.2 ± 208.2; G1 group) (p < 0.001). The predominant bacteria observed in the microbiological plates before fumigation were Micrococcus and Bacillus species, found in 80% (24/30) and 60% (18/30) of the plates, respectively. Application of H2O2 room fumigation resulted in a significant reduction in bacterial numbers: 79.2% (5/30) for Micrococcus species (p < 0.001), 83.3% (3/30) for Bacillus species (p < 0.001), and 100% (0/30) for Staphylococcus arlettae (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Fumigation with 6% H₂O₂ is an effective method for reducing bacterial counts in a dental office environment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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12 pages, 581 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Ozone Therapy as an Adjuvant in the Treatment of Periodontitis

by Abdulaziz Alsakr, Khalid Gufran, Abdullah Saad Alqahtani, Mohammed Alasqah, Banna Alnufaiy, Hanadi Ghurmallah Alzahrani, Ali Ayidh Alahmari, Faisal Khaled Alhumaidani, Rakan Khaled Alhumaidani and Mishari Jameel Althobiti

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(22), 7078; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12227078 - 14 Nov 2023

Viewed by 986

Abstract

The current study aimed to assess the efficacy of ozone therapy in the treatment of stage II and stage III periodontitis. This prospective split-mouth study selected patients who were diagnosed with either stage II or stage III periodontitis. All patients were treated with scaling and root-planing (SRP) on the control side and SRP with ozone therapy on the test side. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), O’Leary plaque index (PI), and bleeding on probing (BOP) scores were recorded at baseline and six weeks after the SRP treatment. A total of 46 patients were selected for this study, including 31 males and 15 females. All periodontal variables (PD, CAL, PI, and BOP) showed significant changes (p < 0.0001) from baseline to six weeks. Moreover, significant changes (PD = 0.0001, CAL = 0.0001, PI = 0.042 and BOP = 0.0001) were also observed between the control and test sides. Gender showed no significance on periodontal variables (p > 0.05) except PD on the test side (p = 0.030). In addition, periodontal stages and grades showed no significant changes (p > 0.05) in any periodontal variables on both sides. Ozone therapy significantly improves the periodontal condition compared to SRP treatment alone. However, the stages and grades of periodontitis do not influence the outcome of ozone therapy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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16 pages, 926 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparison of Diagnostic Validity of Cephalometric Analyses of the ANB Angle and Tau Angle for Assessment of the Sagittal Relationship of Jaw and Mandible

by Jacek Kotuła, Anna Kuc, Ewa Szeląg, Alicja Babczyńska, Joanna Lis, Jacek Matys, Beata Kawala and Michał Sarul

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(19), 6333; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12196333 - 2 Oct 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 915

Abstract

Background: Cephalometric analysis is an essential tool used in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and repeatability of new cephalometric points introduced in Tau angle analysis, in contrast to the gold standard, which is the analysis of the ANB angle. For this purpose, an attempt was made to assess the repeatability and reliability of the introduction of anthropometric points by evaluating both inter- and intraobserver parameters, as well as the agreement among the orthodontists participating in the study. Methods: Repeatability and reliability assessments for all six anthropometric points (N, A, B, T, M, G) used in the analysis of the ANB and Tau angles were conducted individually by 29 orthodontists. This assessment was performed in triplicate on the day of the study, on the day following the first study, and on the seventh day after the second study. Measurement errors for the ANB and Tau angles were evaluated using the Dahlberg formula and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: The orthodontists in the study measured sagittal discrepancy significantly more accurately using the ANB angle compared to the Tau angle (p < 0.001). The Dahlberg error for measuring the Tau angle was three times greater than that for the ANB angle (p < 0.001). Additionally, the ICC for the Tau angle was more than 3.5 times smaller than that for the ANB angle, while the R&R error for Tau measurement was more than three times greater than that for the ANB angle (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results of ANB angle measurements exhibit fewer errors in comparison to Tau angle measurements. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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12 pages, 3191 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Relationship between Changes in Condylar Morphology and Masticatory Muscle Volume after Skeletal Class II Surgery

by Bunpout Lekroengsin, Chie Tachiki, Takashi Takaki and Yasushi Nishii

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(14), 4875; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144875 - 24 Jul 2023

Viewed by 1286

Abstract

The treatment of dentofacial deformities generally includes orthognathic surgery in which mandibular condyle changes following surgery are a common cause of relapse. This study investigated the changes in the mandibular condyle and related muscles to identify the factors that affected the changes in the mandibular condyle after orthognathic surgery in skeletal class II patients. This research studied 60 joints in 30 patients with skeletal class II dentofacial deformities who received surgical orthodontic treatment, including bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy, and underwent computed tomography before and after orthodontic treatment. The mandibular condyle, masseter, and medial pterygoid muscles were reconstructed and measured in 3D. Condylar positional and morphology changes, masseter and medial pterygoid muscle volume, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, and distal segment movement were analyzed. The study observed that both the masseter and medial pterygoid muscle volumes decreased with statistical significance. The changes in the horizontal direction were positively correlated with the amount of movement. The findings indicated that mandibular condyle changes were significantly affected by the movement of the distal segment, the medial pterygoid muscle volume, and the direction of the distal segment, which influenced the treatment’s long-term stability after orthognathic surgery. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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11 pages, 1705 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Quantitative Evaluation of Aerosols Produced in the Dental Office during Caries Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial

by Jacek Matys, Tomasz Gedrange, Marzena Dominiak and Kinga Grzech-Leśniak

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(14), 4597; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144597 - 10 Jul 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 993

Abstract

Background: Effective removal of aerosols generated during dental treatment is crucial for maintaining biosafety in dental practice. This study aimed to measure the aerosol amount and the number of aerobic bacteria in the air during caries treatment. Methods: The study involved 50 molar teeth (n = 50) in the mandible in 50 patients divided into two groups based on the type of a high-volume evacuator (HVE); G1 (n = 25) conventional HVE (EM19 EVO, Monoart^® Euronda, Vicenza, Italy) and G2 (n = 25) a new, wider, customized HVE. The PC200 laser particle counter (Trotec GmbH, Schwerin, Germany) was used to measure aerosol particles in a range of 0.3–10.0 μm near the operator’s mouth. The study used 60 microbiological plates with a microbiological medium (Columbia Agar with 5% Sheep Blood) to check the number of aerobic bacteria in the air. Results: The mean value of aerosol particles in the G1 group (conventional HVE) was 54,145 ± 7915, while in the G2 group (test, wider evacuator) was lower and amounted to 32,632 ± 1803. (p < 0.001). The median total bacteria count in the air per cubic meter in control, G1 (HVE), and G2 (NEW-HVE) groups were 50 [36-60]; 772 [643-881]; 120 [92-139], respectively. (p < 0.05). Gram-positive cocci were the predominant bacteria in the plates: Micrococcus sp. (50%), Bacillus species (36.4%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (3.8%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (3.8%). Conclusions: the application of the wider high-volume evacuator increases the air purity during caries treatment as well as the biological safety of a dental office. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Research of Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Dentistry)

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