Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infections of the Central Nervous System

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 369

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Radiology, CTO Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli, Viale Colli Aminei 21, 80141 Naples, Italy
Interests: neuroradiology; head and neck imaging; pediatric neuroradiology; artificial intelligence

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Guest Editor
Department of Radiology, CTO Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli, Viale Colli Aminei 21, 80141 Naples, Italy
Interests: neuroradiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Central nervous system (CNS) infections are common and serious diseases that are generally treated in secondary and tertiary centers. The diagnosis and treatment of these diseases are complicated and extremely variable, depending on multiple factors. Laboratory and neuroimaging play a crucial role in this setting. Imaging findings are variable, and thus differential diagnosis can be complicated. Furthermore, in patients with recurrent CNS infections, it is important to look for predisposing elements; thus, special expertise is required to detect them. In recent years, there have been crucial improvements in the management of CNS infections, especially owing to the introduction of novel magnetic resonance imaging techniques and laboratory tests.

This Special Issue will focus on recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of CNS infections.

Dr. Teresa Perillo
Dr. Raffaella Capasso
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • central nervous system infections
  • meningitis
  • HIV
  • tuberculosis
  • magnetic resonance imaging

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

20 pages, 58187 KiB  
Review
Neuroimaging of the Most Common Meningitis and Encephalitis of Adults: A Narrative Review
by Teresa Perillo, Raffaella Capasso and Antonio Pinto
Diagnostics 2024, 14(11), 1064; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14111064 - 21 May 2024
Viewed by 293
Abstract
Meningitis is the infection of the meninges, which are connective tissue membranes covering the brain, and it most commonly affects the leptomeninges. Clinically, meningitis may present with fever, neck stiffness, altered mental status, headache, vomiting, and neurological deficits. Encephalitis is an infection of [...] Read more.
Meningitis is the infection of the meninges, which are connective tissue membranes covering the brain, and it most commonly affects the leptomeninges. Clinically, meningitis may present with fever, neck stiffness, altered mental status, headache, vomiting, and neurological deficits. Encephalitis is an infection of the brain, which usually presents with fever, altered mental status, neurological deficits, and seizure. Meningitis and encephalitis are serious conditions which could also coexist, with high morbidity and mortality, thus requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment. Imaging plays an important role in the clinical management of these conditions, especially Magnetic Resonance Imaging. It is indicated to exclude mimics and evaluate the presence of complications. The aim of this review is to depict imaging findings of the most common meningitis and encephalitis. Full article
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