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Advances in Refractory Carbide Materials, High Entropy Alloys and Their...
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Advances in Refractory Carbide Materials, High Entropy Alloys and Their Sintering Techniques

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2024 | Viewed by 1012

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yafei Pan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
Interests: refractory metals; compound carbide; high-entropy alloy; thermodynamic calculation
Dr. Siyao Xie

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
Interests: high-entropy alloy; microstructure characterization; densification mechanism
Dr. Fenghua Luo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, China
Interests: alloys

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Refractory carbide materials have excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, high-temperature oxidation resistance, and wear resistance, and play an important role in engine nozzles, nuclear reactors, cutting tools, the leading edges of spacecraft wings, and other objects. However, needing a high melting point creates difficulties during preparation and increases costs. The growing demand for good-performing refractory carbide materials is gradually increasing. In terms of composition design, single-phase carbides have gradually developed into diphase, multiphase, and high-entropy carbides. In terms of preparation technology, pressureless sintering has gradually developed into hot pressing, hot isostatic pressing, and spark plasma sintering.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of the latest achievements in the field of refractory carbide materials and emphasize new research directions to further promote the development of these materials. This field is highly interdisciplinary, involving foundations, methods, syntheses, characterizations, and applications. Studies on the progress of refractory metals and high-entropy alloys will also be appreciated.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. The research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

The synthesis of high-purity and nano carbide powders;

The study of densification mechanisms of carbide powders;

Research on the preparation process of new carbides and their composite materials;

The deposition of carbide coatings for high-temperature applications;

The theoretical prediction of properties of multiphase and high entropy carbides

Chemical and mechanical properties in extreme working environments;

The application of new carbides and their composite materials at high temperatures.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Yafei Pan
Dr. Siyao Xie
Dr. Fenghua Luo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • refractories carbide ceramics
  • multiphase and high-entropy carbides
  • sintering technique
  • powder synthesis
  • densification mechanism
  • high-temperature application

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 11775 KiB  
Article
Preparation of Ultrafine Co- and Ni-Coated (Ti,W,Mo,Ta)(C,N) Powders and Their Influence on the Microstructure of Ti(C,N)-Based Cermets
by Zaiyang Zhao, Pengmin Jia, Yuhui Zhang, Lili Ma, Jingjing Sun, Yiping Xu and Yurong Wu
Materials 2024, 17(8), 1807; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17081807 - 15 Apr 2024
Viewed by 386
Abstract
The use of metal-coated ceramic powders not only effectively enhances the wettability of the metal–ceramic interface but also promotes a more uniform microstructure in Ti(C,N)-based cermets, which is advantageous for improving their mechanical properties. In this study, ultrafine Co- and Ni-coated (Ti,W,Mo,Ta)(C,N) powders [...] Read more.
The use of metal-coated ceramic powders not only effectively enhances the wettability of the metal–ceramic interface but also promotes a more uniform microstructure in Ti(C,N)-based cermets, which is advantageous for improving their mechanical properties. In this study, ultrafine Co- and Ni-coated (Ti,W,Mo,Ta)(C,N) powders were synthesized via the spray-drying-in-situ carbothermal reduction method. Subsequently, Ti(C,N)-based cermets were effectively fabricated using the as-prepared ultrafine Co- and Ni-coated (Ti,W,Mo,Ta)(C,N) powders. The impact of reaction temperature, heating rate, and isothermal time on the phase and microstructure of prepared powders was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Additionally, the microstructure of the as-sintered cermets was experimentally investigated. The findings reveal that the complete reduction of Co and Ni metal salts, pre-coated on the surface of (Ti,W,Mo,Ta)(C,N) particles, can be achieved through rapid heating (10 °C/min) in a specific temperature range (600–1000 °C) with an isothermal time of 3 h at a lower reduction temperature (1000 °C). The synthesized powders have only two phases: the (Ti,W,Mo,Ta)(C,N) phase and Co/Ni phase, and no other heterogeneous phases were observed with an oxygen content of 0.261 wt.%. Notably, the conventional core–rim structure was not dominant in the cermets obtained from the prepared Co- and Ni-coated (Ti,W,Mo,Ta)(C,N) powders. Moreover, the heterogeneous segregation effect of the Co/Ni coating on the ultrafine powder particles resulted in a finer microstructure than the traditional cermets with the same composition. However, the grain size is mainly in the range of 0.5–0.8 μm. The weaker residual stresses at the core and rim interfaces and the finer particle distributions could theoretically enhance the toughness of Ti(C,N)-based cermets, simultaneously. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Refractory Carbide Materials, High Entropy Alloys and Their Sintering Techniques)
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11 pages, 9587 KiB  
Article
Zirconium-Modified Medium-Entropy Alloy (TiVNb)85Cr15 for Hydrogen Storage
by Karel Saksl, Miloš Matvija, Martin Fujda, Beáta Ballóková, Dagmara Varcholová, Jakub Kubaško, Jens Möllmer, Marcus Lange and Mária Podobová
Materials 2024, 17(8), 1732; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17081732 - 10 Apr 2024
Viewed by 414
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the effect of small amounts of zirconium alloying the medium-entropy alloy (TiVNb)85Cr15, a promising material for hydrogen storage. Alloys with 1, 4, and 7 at.% of Zr were prepared by arc melting and found [...] Read more.
In this study, we investigate the effect of small amounts of zirconium alloying the medium-entropy alloy (TiVNb)85Cr15, a promising material for hydrogen storage. Alloys with 1, 4, and 7 at.% of Zr were prepared by arc melting and found to be multiphase, comprising at least three phases, indicating that Zr addition does not stabilize a single-phase solid solution. The dominant BCC phase (HEA1) is the primary hydrogen absorber, while the minor phases HEA2 and HEA3 play a crucial role in hydrogen absorption/desorption. Among the studied alloys, Zr4 (TiVNb)81Cr15Zr4 shows the highest hydrogen storage capacity, ease of activation, and reversibly retrievable hydrogen. This alloy can absorb hydrogen at room temperature without additional processing, with a reversible capacity of up to 0.74 wt.%, corresponding to hydrogen-to-metal ratio H/M = 0.46. The study emphasizes the significant role of minor elemental additions in alloy properties, stressing the importance of tailored compositions for hydrogen storage applications. It suggests a direction for further research in metal hydride alloys for effective and safe hydrogen storage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Refractory Carbide Materials, High Entropy Alloys and Their Sintering Techniques)
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