Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 679

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
Interests: infection and immunity; host-pathogen interaction; bacterial pathogenesis; toxins; Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a contagious and airborne bacterial pathogen. It causes tuberculosis (TB), which is one of the leading infectious diseases worldwide. It is estimated that Mtb latently infects one-third of the world’s population and accounts for ~2 million of death worldwide each year. While the past decades have seen while many efforts made to reduce the global TB burden, TB has remained one of the major threats to public health. Mtb invades human by air and establishes infection in lung, using many different virulence factors as its defense mechanisms against the host immune responses. Unfortunately, however, the mechanisms of Mtb virulence are largely unknown, and emergence of multidrug resistant Mtb strains and co-infection of Mtb with HIV has posed new challenges in TB control. There is an urgent need to enhance our understanding of Mtb pathogenesis and develop novel and effective countermeasures against the disease.

In this Special Issue, we plan to highlight the most recent advances in the studies of Mtb pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. The Special Issue will cover, but is not limited to: investigation of the mechanism of Mtb pathogenesis, identification and characterization of new virulence genes/factors, host–pathogen interaction, development and utilization of new methods, technologies, model organisms for the study of Mtb pathogenesis and development of new diagnostic and treatment approaches. We expect that this Special Issue will greatly enhance our understanding of Mtb pathogenesis and facilitate the development of new diagnostics and treatments.

Dr. Jianjun Sun
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • pathogenesis
  • diagnosis
  • treatment
  • host-pathogen interaction

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 771 KiB  
Article
A Comparison Study of Lymph Node Tuberculosis and Sarcoidosis Involvement to Facilitate Differential Diagnosis and to Establish a Predictive Score for Tuberculosis
by Ellen Hoornaert, Halil Yildiz, Lucie Pothen, Julien De Greef, Olivier Gheysens, Alexandra Kozyreff, Diego Castanares-Zapatero and Jean Cyr Yombi
Pathogens 2024, 13(5), 398; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13050398 - 9 May 2024
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Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and sarcoidosis are two common granulomatous diseases involving lymph nodes. Differential diagnosis is not always easy because pathogen demonstration in tuberculosis is not always possible and both diseases share clinical, radiological and histological patterns. The aim of our study was [...] Read more.
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and sarcoidosis are two common granulomatous diseases involving lymph nodes. Differential diagnosis is not always easy because pathogen demonstration in tuberculosis is not always possible and both diseases share clinical, radiological and histological patterns. The aim of our study was to identify factors associated with each diagnosis and set up a predictive score for TB. Methods: All cases of lymph node tuberculosis and sarcoidosis were retrospectively reviewed. Demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging data, and microbiological and histological results were collected and compared. Results: Among 441 patients screened, 192 patients were included in the final analysis. The multivariate analysis showed that weight loss, necrotic granuloma, normal serum lysozyme level and hypergammaglobulinemia were significantly associated with TB. A risk score of TB was built based on these variables and was able to discriminate TB versus sarcoidosis with an AUC of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79–0.91). Using the Youden’s J statistic, its most discriminant value (−0.36) was associated with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 75%. Conclusions: We developed a score based on weight loss, necrotic granuloma, normal serum lysozyme level and hypergammaglobulinemia with an excellent capacity to discriminate TB versus sarcoidosis. This score needs still to be validated in a multicentric prospective study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment)
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