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Microorganisms
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Plant Pathogenic Fungi: Genetics and Genomics
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Plant Pathogenic Fungi: Genetics and Genomics

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Microbe Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 3424

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Micael F. M. Gonçalves

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Microbiology Division, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
Interests: fungal taxonomy; microbial interactions; genomics; phylogenetics and molecular evolution; applied and environmental microbiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advances in multi-omics approaches such as genomics and transcriptomics offer new opportunities to more clearly understand molecular mechanisms that can help in the prevention and management of fungal plant diseases. The integration of omics approaches can also speed up the identification of effectors and proteins in plant pathogenic fungi and the characterization of their virulence functions in their host plants. Moreover, as the interaction between plants and their fungal pathogens is a dynamic process, these interactions should be analyzed as a dual process, providing a more complete insight in pathogenicity.

In this Special Issue, we invite you to contribute with research on any aspect related to plant pathogenic fungi in order to unravel molecular mechanisms or key genes/metabolites/proteins involved in the infection processes. This may include, for instance: (1) adaptation patterns of fungal pathogens under changing environmental conditions; (2) molecular traits underlying the infection processes; (3) phylogenomic studies to offer insights into phylogenetic inference of plant pathogenic fungi; and (4) genetic basis for multi-omics analyses to provide a thorough overview on plant–pathogen interactions.

Dr. Micael F. M. Gonçalves
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fungal–plant interactions
  • genomics
  • metabolomics
  • pathogenicity
  • proteomics
  • transcriptomics

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

8 pages, 600 KiB  
Communication
In Vitro Assay Using Proboscidea parviflora W. and Phaseolus lunatus L. Plant Extracts to Control Pythium amazonianum
by Yisa María Ochoa Fuentes, Antonio Orozco Plancarte, Ernesto Cerna Chávez and Rocío de Jesús Díaz Aguilar
Microorganisms 2024, 12(6), 1045; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12061045 - 22 May 2024
Viewed by 259
Abstract
Avocado tree wilt is a disease caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands. Recently, this disease has been associated to Pythium amazonianum, another causal agent. Avocado tree wilt is being currently controlled with synthetic fungicides that kill beneficial microorganisms, polluting the environment and leading [...] Read more.
Avocado tree wilt is a disease caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands. Recently, this disease has been associated to Pythium amazonianum, another causal agent. Avocado tree wilt is being currently controlled with synthetic fungicides that kill beneficial microorganisms, polluting the environment and leading to resistance problems in plant pathogens. The current research work aims to provide alternative management using extracts from Proboscidea parviflora W. and Phaseolus lunatus L. to control the development of mycelia in P. amazonianum in vitro. Raw extracts were prepared at UAAAN Toxicology Laboratory, determining the inhibition percentages, inhibition concentrations and inhibition lethal times. Several concentrations of the plant extracts were evaluated using the poisoned medium methodology, showing that both extracts control and inhibit mycelial development, in particular P. lutatus, which inhibits mycelial growth at concentrations lower than 80 mg/L, being lower than P. parviflora extracts. These extracts are promising candidates for excellent control of Pythium amazonianum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Pathogenic Fungi: Genetics and Genomics)
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17 pages, 2823 KiB  
Article
Tolerance Evaluation of Celery Commercial Cultivars and Genetic Variability of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii
by Mónica Blanco-Meneses, Mauricio Serrano-Porras, Anny Calderón-Abarca, Alejandro Sebiani-Calvo, Gabriel Vargas and Oscar Castro-Zúñiga
Microorganisms 2023, 11(11), 2732; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112732 - 9 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1060
Abstract
Celery (Apium graveolens var. dulce) is affected by several plant diseases, such as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii (Foa). Four Foa races have been found in the US. The goals of this study were to determine which races are present in Costa [...] Read more.
Celery (Apium graveolens var. dulce) is affected by several plant diseases, such as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii (Foa). Four Foa races have been found in the US. The goals of this study were to determine which races are present in Costa Rica and to quantify the tolerance of the imported commercial cultivars of celery produced in the country. Isolates from 125 symptomatic celery plants from three different geographical locations were analyzed, 65 of which were selected for phylogenetic analysis. All isolates presented a short sequence of five nucleotides that differentiates Foa race 3 in the IGS rDNA region. Three different haplotypes closely related to race 3 were found, which were highly virulent, produced great losses, and affected all cultivars (resistant to races 2 and 4) of imported commercial celery. Additionally, five different cultivars of celery were evaluated against seven pathogen isolates identified as race 3 in greenhouse conditions. Two of the cultivars showed significantly less chlorosis, wilting, mortality, and higher fresh weight. Most of the Foa isolates significantly increased chlorosis, wilting, and mortality compared to non-inoculated control. Celery producers in Costa Rica lack access to seeds resistant to the Foa race 3 present in the country. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Pathogenic Fungi: Genetics and Genomics)
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62 pages, 6166 KiB  
Article
Diaporthe Species on Palms: Molecular Re-Assessment and Species Boundaries Delimitation in the D. arecae Species Complex
by Diana S. Pereira, Sandra Hilário, Micael F. M. Gonçalves and Alan J. L. Phillips
Microorganisms 2023, 11(11), 2717; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112717 - 6 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1482
Abstract
Due to cryptic diversification, phenotypic plasticity and host associations, multilocus phylogenetic analyses have become the most important tool in accurately identifying and circumscribing species in the Diaporthe genus. However, the application of the genealogical concordance criterion has often been overlooked, ultimately leading to [...] Read more.
Due to cryptic diversification, phenotypic plasticity and host associations, multilocus phylogenetic analyses have become the most important tool in accurately identifying and circumscribing species in the Diaporthe genus. However, the application of the genealogical concordance criterion has often been overlooked, ultimately leading to an exponential increase in novel Diaporthe spp. Due to the large number of species, many lineages remain poorly understood under the so-called species complexes. For this reason, a robust delimitation of the species boundaries in Diaporthe is still an ongoing challenge. Therefore, the present study aimed to resolve the species boundaries of the Diaporthe arecae species complex (DASC) by implementing an integrative taxonomic approach. The Genealogical Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR) principle revealed incongruences between the individual gene genealogies. Moreover, the Poisson Tree Processes’ (PTPs) coalescent-based species delimitation models identified three well-delimited subclades represented by the species D. arecae, D. chiangmaiensis and D. smilacicola. These results evidence that all species previously described in the D. arecae subclade are conspecific, which is coherent with the morphological indistinctiveness observed and the absence of reproductive isolation and barriers to gene flow. Thus, 52 Diaporthe spp. are reduced to synonymy under D. arecae. Recent population expansion and the possibility of incomplete lineage sorting suggested that the D. arecae subclade may be considered as ongoing evolving lineages under active divergence and speciation. Hence, the genetic diversity and intraspecific variability of D. arecae in the context of current global climate change and the role of D. arecae as a pathogen on palm trees and other hosts are also discussed. This study illustrates that species in Diaporthe are highly overestimated, and highlights the relevance of applying an integrative taxonomic approach to accurately circumscribe the species boundaries in the genus Diaporthe. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Pathogenic Fungi: Genetics and Genomics)
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